Combinatorial therapies against NF1-associated cancers, namely malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST), were first reported in 2011 by De Raedt et al. [88], and a phase II study using selumetinib (MEK inhibitor) and sirolimus (mTOR inhibitor) is currently active (NCT03433183). Here, NF1 is linked to cancer.