Together, the results presented in Figure 3, along with those presented in Figure 2, suggested that (a) the proliferation of embryonic yolk sac Mo/Mφ was associated with increased mRNA, protein, and surface expression of phenotypic markers of Mφ activation (M1 >> M2) in the spleen of chronically infected mice, and (b) SRT1720 decreased the frequency of Mo/Mφ of CD80+/CD64+ M1 phenotype in Chagas disease. This evidence concerns the gene CD80 and Chagas disease.