KRAS and neoplasm: Additionally, a study where siRNA was used to identify the dependency patterns in KRAS mutant and WT pancreatic cancer cell lines showed that targeting BRAF and CRAF kinases in combination with the autophagy E1 ligase ATG7 successfully eliminated KRAS mutant cells, while keeping toxicity in healthy cells to a minimum [39] There is, therefore, substantial evidence from a variety of sources indicating that MAP kinase and autophagy pathways work together to maintain RAS mutant tumor survival.