Results: Studies that adjusted for important clinical covariates (such as stage and age) showed that higher levels of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells were associated with improved OS (HR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.50–0.93) and DFS (HR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.41–0.87), while increased CD20+ B cells (HR = 0.16; 95% CI, 0.04–0.64) and CD 56/57+ NK cells (HR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.26–0.95) were associated with improved OS; lung cancers with increased FoxP3+ T regulatory cells (HR = 2.22; 95% CI, 1.47–3.34) had worse OS. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is lung carcinoma.