To monitor immune status in the tumor microenvironment, we performed RT-PCRs to examine chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and IFNγ, which are important for recruiting TH1 cells, CD8+ T cells and NK cells, as well as CCL2, which attracts antigen-presenting cells (APCs), expands and activates the infiltrated effector immune cells 38. Here, CXCL9 is linked to neoplasm.