This has been demonstrated by a number of studies, including the CATT (Comparison of AMD Treatments Trials) post hoc analysis, conducted by Jaffe et al., which found that eyes with IRF were associated with worse VA outcomes than eyes without IRF, after both 1 year and 5 years of anti-VEGF treatment [17, 18]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is age-related macular degeneration.