In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrate that CTT inhibits bladder cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion and induces cell apoptosis, which may be associated with downregulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and NF-κB signalling pathway proteins, and this inhibition is mediated by the induction of PTEN (Figure 8). The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is urinary bladder cancer.