In addition, the immunofluorescence results also showed that rapamycin profoundly attenuated epithelial cell senescence (Figure 2C) and decreased the levels of fibrotic markers α-SMA and collagen I in vivo (Figure 2B and 2D), suggesting that rapamycin could ameliorate BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis through impairing epithelial cell senescence. Here, ACTA1 is linked to pulmonary fibrosis.