IL10 and brain ischemia: Indeed, PEMF stimulation exerts a dual effect on both upregulation of anti‐inflammatory factors42, 61 and downregulation of pro‐inflammatory factors.42, 45 For example, PEMF treatment was both associated with: (a) a reduction in pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1α, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α expression; and (b) an increase in anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 expression in human fibroblast‐like cells42 and a cerebral ischemia mice model.61 These dual effects of PEMF on inflammation enable tissues to return to homeostasis, thereby promoting tissue regeneration.