SMAD2 and Hyperglycemia: Our results revealed that the expression levels of TGF-β, phosphorylated-Smad2 (p-Smad2) and phosphorylated-Smad3 (p-Smad3) were decreased with ENO1 knockdown, whereas the total Smad2 and Smad3 expression levels were not significantly different between the normal glucose and hyperglycemia groups (Fig. 5a, b).