NAPRT and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma): We next validated our findings in publicly available The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets from primary glioblastoma and low-grade astrocytoma tissues and confirmed that NAMPT, QPRT, and NMRK1 were significantly higher expressed in IDH1-wildtype primary glioblastomas compared to IDH1-mutant astrocytomas WHO grade II and III (Wilcoxon rank sum tests: p-values ranging from 5.6 × 10−12 for NMRK1 to 1.2 × 10−32 for NAMPT), while NAPRT was equally expressed (Figure 4g and Supplementary Figure S5).