The innovative finding is that most of these loci are directly associated with the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease (HLA-DQ, HLA-DR, CARD9, and HORMAD2), or maintenance of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and response to various pathogenic pathogens (DEFA, TNFSF13, VAV3, ITGAM-ITGAX, and PSMB8) (Table 1). The gene discussed is PSMB8; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.