Among the extracted transcriptomes, five are from mouse models known to have significant neuroinflammation: these include 18-month-old and Ercc1Δ/KO mice [54], which represent aging models, and three from NPC1, AD (amyloid precursor protein model), and ALS (SOD1G93A) diseases (Fig. 4a). Here, APP is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.