PDCD1 and cancer: Immunotherapy through PD‐1 blockade represents a major breakthrough that has provided a significant clinical benefit to patients for the treatment of different cancers.135, 136, 137 In vitro studies using the cells of HIV‐infected patients have established a clear proof of principle benefit in using anti‐PD‐1 or PDL‐1 antibodies to relieve exhaustion and enhance HIV‐antigen‐specific functionality and proliferation.