Significantly, we observed that the 334 GOI subset of TIMP2 co-expressed genes readily distinguish breast and lung carcinomas from normal controls, however, it is somewhat surprising that this gene subset did not differentiate breast or lung carcinoma subtypes (ductal vs. lobular; adenocarcinoma vs. squamous) that are easily differentiated by conventional gene expression profiling22,23. Here, TIMP2 is linked to adenocarcinoma.