Previous studies demonstrated the presence of anti-Hsp65 antibodies within the circulation of patients with a variety of chronic conditions, including autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and Crohn’s disease (CD), as well as other chronic conditions such as heart disease, atherosclerosis, and different types of cancers [8,9,10,11]. Here, HSPD1 is linked to atherosclerosis.