In addition to TNFα and MCP‐1, AMSCs isolated from GDM women showed an upregulation of genes involved in the inflammatory and immune response such as CD40 and CTSS. Cathepsin is a cysteine protease implicated in the regulation of inflammatory activity and it has been postulated as a potential biomarker of the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.35 In agreement with epidemiological data, we observed an upregulation of CTSS, TNFα, and MCP‐1 in AMSCs isolated from GDM mothers, suggesting intrauterine programming/imprinting. This evidence concerns the gene CTSS and Insulin resistance.