IGF1 and sarcopenia: First, the following five variables were significantly related to sarcopenia in the multivariate analysis: greater age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.084, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.028–1.142, P = 0.003], lower BMI (OR = 0.742, 95% CI = 0.615–0.894, P = 0.002), lower IGF-1 (OR = 0.962, 95% CI = 0.932–0.993, P < 0.001), lower BCAAs (OR = 0.990, 95% CI = 0.984–0.996, P = 0.001), and presence of osteoporosis (OR = 3.923, 95% CI = 1.381–11.140, P = 0.010) (Additional file 1: Table S3).