Various polyphenols have also been shown to modulate the expression of insulin receptors substrate 1 (IRS-1), serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (Akt 1) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in human hepatoma cells (HEPG2) [11]. The gene discussed is IRS1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.