GREM1 and viral infectious disease: Although the TGFβ2 factor, recently recognized as a key factor in fibrosis induction, did not result upregulated by virus infection in HUVECs, other factors belonging to TGFβ superfamily were promoted in particular by HHV-6A, including GREM1 and INHBE, IL-4, IL-5, TNF, and MMP9.