Plerixaflor is also under evaluation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in combination with G-CSF, which downregulates CXCL12 expression and acts synergistically in stem cell mobilization (NCT00906945), or in combination with several chemotherapeutics to treat relapsed or refractory AML (NCT01236144, NCT01220375, NCT01027923). Here, CXCL12 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.