PARP1 and adenoma: Elevated PARP-1 mRNA and protein are associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer [64,65]; PARP-1 mRNA is elevated in colon carcinoma when compared to adenoma [66]; PARP-1 gene expression is associated with lymph node spread of malignant pleural mesothelioma [67]; and PARP-1 mRNA and protein are elevated in endometrial adenocarcinoma [68].