Two RT-qPCR assays were developed to detect Juquitiba (JUQV), Araraquara (ARAV), RIOMV and possibly other hantaviruses circulating in South America[52,53].Although IgM ELISA is the reference assay for HPS diagnostic, it has some pitfalls such as: 1) the need to investigate seroconversion by testing a new sample collected two to three weeks after the first one, when the first serum is considered inconclusive, and 2) false-positive results due antigen cross-reactivity[54]. Here, CD40LG is linked to Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome.