MTOR and encephalopathy, progressive, early-onset, with brain edema and/or leukoencephalopathy: Although most ion channel-related genes or mTOR genes have been associated with early-onset epilepsy syndromes with severe phenotypes such as Dravet’s syndrome or intractable epilepsy with brain malformations that can lead to a grave outcome in early life, most APEs with P/LPs of ion channel-related genes or mTOR genes in our study experienced a later age of epilepsy onset or epilepsies that continued into adulthood.