However, similar to the findings of Nagata et al., we also observed significant increases in TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β transcriptions relative to normoxia control that correlated with significant increases in SOCS-3 in the OGD/R groups upon warming to pyrexia [20], whereas previously cooled OGD/R groups rewarmed to normothermia did not show this inflammatory response and even resulted in attenuated IL-1β expression. Here, TNF is linked to Fever.