WNK2 and neuroblastoma: For instance, studies demonstrated that (1) non-adherent clumps of tumor cells that express CD133, OCT4, pAKT could grow in a serum-free medium with higher colony and neurosphere formation[98]; (2) CD133 levels were directly associated with NB advanced disease stages and inversely correlated with postoperative survival time[95]; and (3) CD133+ NB cells were more resistant to cisplatin, carboplatin, DOX, and etoposide (vs. CD133- cells) and presented with increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (P38)[99].