VDR and liver disorder: Among numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in the VDR gene, the four common variants FokI G/A (rs2228570, exon 2), BsmI C/T (rs1544410, intron 8), ApaI A/C (rs7975232, intron 8) and TaqI T/C (rs731236, exon 9) have been examined in many studies in different ethnic groups in order to identify associations of these variants with HBV infection and liver disease outcomes [27–34].