TNF and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Finally, although in our experimental conditions OSM was found ineffective on the synthesis of collagen I and of TIMP1 (data not shown), differently from what reported by others [33], we additionally observed that hrOSM up-regulated in LX2 cells transcript levels of the chemokine CCL2, the most relevant chemokine during both experimental and human conditions of progressive NAFLD [34], as well as of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF e IL-6.