ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Targeted therapy using small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has become the standard of treatment in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring specific driver alterations in the epidermal growth factor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), rearrangement of the receptor tyrosine kinase 1 (ROS1), and V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) genes [1,2], demonstrating improved survival and quality-of-life benefits [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13].