To inhibit IGF-1R we used BMS-754807, which has reported IC50 values of 5–365 nM in human tumour cell lines.8 BMS-754807 inhibited IGF-1R phosphorylation in all cell lines, with AKT inhibition in all except U87-MG, consistent with its PTEN null status, and ERK inhibition in all but KNS42 (Fig. 2b, Supplementary Fig. S1A). This evidence concerns the gene PTEN and neoplasm.