Finally, although prediction of the glioma grades using preoperative MR images would be useful for planning surgery, the genomic statuses of the gliomas (for example IDH mutation, alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) mutation, TP53 mutation, and 1p19q codeletion2) should be identified using radiomics-based analysis (namely radiogenomics) with a few structural MRI sequences for precision medicine. Here, ATRX is linked to central nervous system cancer.