Interestingly, it has just been demonstrated that human β-cells after fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2)-induced dedifferentiation express gastrin.95 And also worth mentioning is the fact that postprandial CCK-secretion is increased in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)-operated obese patients.96, -98 Hence, endogenous CCK in these patients may contribute to the insulinotropic amelioration of their type 2 diabetes. This evidence concerns the gene CCK and type 2 diabetes mellitus.