Specifically, GMP-A is expected to be more permissive to transformation given their high expression of CDK6/CCND1 and HOXA9. In agreement, while CDK6 and HOXA9 are known for their roles in this disease20,36, we found that CCND1 expression stratifies MLL patient survival in the TARGET-AML patient cohort37, with the high expression cases having significantly worse prognosis (Fig. 9b). Here, HOXA9 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.