On the other hand, fertility preservation should be taken into account in adjuvant patients, who could be currently treated with targeted therapies, such as imatinib (an anti-ABL, c-Kit and PDGFR TKI) in high-risk GIST,[26] and – according to latest Food and Drug Administration approval – sunitinib (a multi-TKI) in high-risk renal cell carcinoma,[27] dabrafenib (a selective mutant-BRAF inhibitor) and trametinib (a MEK inhibitor) in stage III V600E/K-mutant melanoma.[28] Data on long-term gonadal toxicities from adjuvant exposure to TKIs are lacking. This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.