Several neurotransmitters cause tumor progression through the stimulation of tumor cell migration and dissemination to distant sites, and through the activation of signaling pathways linked to cell proliferation and survival (e.g., the phosphatidyl inositide 3-kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Akt pathways) (Beaulieu and Gainetdinov, 2011). The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is neoplasm.