However, inconsistent outcomes associated with PANDAR expression levels were found among several types of cancers including up-regulation in gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, thyroid cancer, osteosarcoma, breast cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and bladder cancer, whereas down-regulation in non-small cell lung cancer (16). This evidence concerns the gene PANDAR and clear cell renal carcinoma.