A link between malignant growth and transformation of tumor cells and the degradation of misfolded NCoR protein was first established when we demonstrated that PML-RARα, the fusion oncogene linked to promyelocytic AML, could act as an E3 ligase and trigger degradation of misfolded NCoR protein through UPS in promyelocytic AML (16). The gene discussed is RARA; the disease is neoplasm.