As we have reviewed in this work, various signaling pathways such as PI3K-AKT-mTOR, AMPK-mTOR, and p53 trigger or inhibit the autophagy process and can be used as potential molecular targets in therapeutic approaches in two ways: (i) inhibiting autophagy to promote sensitization of endometrial tumor cells in response to chemotherapy agents such as cisplatin and paclitaxel, and (ii) its activation in some endometrial cancer cell lines is related with low cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and activation of apoptosis. This evidence concerns the gene PRKAA1 and endometrium neoplasm.