A notable reason for this singularity of plasma IL-33 levels from participants with S. mansoni infection only without liver disease is their high dispersion (mean ± SD of 32.58 ± 30.24 pg/ml when compared to 23.22 ± 11.17 pg/ml for plasma IL-33 levels of S. mansoni-infected children with liver disease). This evidence concerns the gene IL33 and liver disorder.