TMEM39A and autoimmune disease: TMEM39A is known to be associated with autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis (Mccauley et al., 2010; Lessard et al., 2012; Varade et al., 2012; Sheng et al., 2015; You et al., 2015; Wagner et al., 2017).