The widespread application of PD-1/PD-L1 antibody therapy is an epoch-making event in the field of oncology, but their side effects as PD-1 inhibitor induced T1DM have prompted us to explore the roles of PD-1/PD-L1 in T1DM and its possible participation in the remission phase. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.