BDNF and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The 8-week protocol of NMES training in subjects with type 2 diabetes was able to induce a significant increase in plasma BDNF (pre-NMES: 117.0 ± 40.4 vs. post-NMES 245.5 ± 51.2 pg/ml; p = 0.026) compared to participants allocated to the control group and who showed a decline in plasma BDNF during the 8-week period without NMES.