The mogroside extract also significantly decreases the activity of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and glutathione peroxidase; inhibits the mRNA expression of HO-1 and MnSOD; increases serum HDL-C level; and regulates the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver, thereby decreasing the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy in mice with diabetes. The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.