ACTA2 and WAGR syndrome: For ASD without glaucoma, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the glaucoma risk differs among different genetic causes.39 For aniridia, genetic testing is particularly important as it allows early detection/exclusion of two molecular subtypes (accounting for ~10% of aniridia cases) that are associated with life limiting complications: WAGR syndrome [MIM 194072] and ACTA2-related multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction [MIM 613834].40