In addition, β-arrestin-dependent signaling has been linked to chronic stress-evoked melanoma metastasis via OTR37, increased neonatal rat cardiac fibroblast proliferation via V1aR38, morphine tolerance via V1bR39 and sustained non-canonical signaling after receptor internalization via V2R, resulting in strong antidiuretic and anti-natriuretic effects40. Here, AVPR2 is linked to melanoma.