Interestingly, co-expression of IP-10/CXCL10 receptor CXCR3 and eotaxin/CCL11 receptor CCR5 (whose ligands also include MIP-1α/CCL3, MIP-1β/CCL4, and RANTES/CCL5) have been characterized in autoimmune T-lymphocytes [32], consistent with the co-activation of CXCR3 and CCR5 as a potential pathologic mechanism involved in autoimmunity. This evidence concerns the gene CCL4 and Autoimmunity.