TGFB1 and neoplasm: We found that the tumor progression gene signatures associated with metastasis, stemness, and the C-Myc, TGF-β1, Wnt/β-catenin, and PTK6 oncogenic pathways were significantly upregulated in cells expressing the PSPC1, PSPC1-Y523F, and PSPC1-Y523F/PTK6 constructs (Fig. 6h).