However, there is a dearth of data on tobacco use among PLWH in low and middle income countries [8, 9]. A case control study conducted in South Africa involving 279 men living with HIV and co-infected with tuberculosis (TB) reported a 33% smoking prevalence, a lower median CD4 count, and a higher median HIV viral load among smokers [10]. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is tuberculosis.