Through complexation with nuclear STAT1 homodimers, BRCA1 has been proposed to directly modulate GAS binding through an IFN- γ—dependent mechanism that results in the upregulation of IRGs, such as Irf7. Thus, the loss of BRCA1 through germline mutation in malignant cells might aide in immune evasion and subsequent tumor outgrowth. Here, BRCA1 is linked to neoplasm.