Maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, BMI at the 50-g GCT, plasma glucose values on the 50-g GCT and 100-g OGTT, HbA1c, fasting plasma insulin, and HOMA-IR in the overall group of the GDM subjects were significantly higher than those of the NGT subjects, but the weight gain until the 50-g GCT and HOMA-β were not significantly different between the two groups (Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene INS and gestational diabetes.